# Copyright 2020 Johns Hopkins University (Shinji Watanabe)
#                Waseda University (Yosuke Higuchi)
#  Apache 2.0  (http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)

"""
Mask CTC based non-autoregressive speech recognition model (pytorch).

See https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.08700 for the detail.

"""

from itertools import groupby
import logging
import math

from distutils.util import strtobool
import numpy
import torch

from espnet.nets.pytorch_backend.conformer.encoder import Encoder
from espnet.nets.pytorch_backend.conformer.argument import (
    add_arguments_conformer_common,  # noqa: H301
)
from espnet.nets.pytorch_backend.e2e_asr import CTC_LOSS_THRESHOLD
from espnet.nets.pytorch_backend.e2e_asr_transformer import E2E as E2ETransformer
from espnet.nets.pytorch_backend.maskctc.add_mask_token import mask_uniform
from espnet.nets.pytorch_backend.maskctc.mask import square_mask
from espnet.nets.pytorch_backend.nets_utils import make_non_pad_mask
from espnet.nets.pytorch_backend.nets_utils import th_accuracy


class E2E(E2ETransformer):
    """E2E module.

    :param int idim: dimension of inputs
    :param int odim: dimension of outputs
    :param Namespace args: argument Namespace containing options

    """

    @staticmethod
    def add_arguments(parser):
        """Add arguments."""
        E2ETransformer.add_arguments(parser)
        E2E.add_maskctc_arguments(parser)

        return parser

    @staticmethod
    def add_maskctc_arguments(parser):
        """Add arguments for maskctc model."""
        group = parser.add_argument_group("maskctc specific setting")

        group.add_argument(
            "--maskctc-use-conformer-encoder",
            default=False,
            type=strtobool,
        )
        group = add_arguments_conformer_common(group)

        return parser

    def __init__(self, idim, odim, args, ignore_id=-1):
        """Construct an E2E object.

        :param int idim: dimension of inputs
        :param int odim: dimension of outputs
        :param Namespace args: argument Namespace containing options
        """
        odim += 1  # for the mask token

        super().__init__(idim, odim, args, ignore_id)
        assert 0.0 <= self.mtlalpha < 1.0, "mtlalpha should be [0.0, 1.0)"

        self.mask_token = odim - 1
        self.sos = odim - 2
        self.eos = odim - 2
        self.odim = odim

        self.intermediate_ctc_weight = args.intermediate_ctc_weight
        self.intermediate_ctc_layers = []
        if args.intermediate_ctc_layer != "":
            self.intermediate_ctc_layers = [
                int(i) for i in args.intermediate_ctc_layer.split(",")
            ]

        if args.maskctc_use_conformer_encoder:
            if args.transformer_attn_dropout_rate is None:
                args.transformer_attn_dropout_rate = args.conformer_dropout_rate
            self.encoder = Encoder(
                idim=idim,
                attention_dim=args.adim,
                attention_heads=args.aheads,
                linear_units=args.eunits,
                num_blocks=args.elayers,
                input_layer=args.transformer_input_layer,
                dropout_rate=args.dropout_rate,
                positional_dropout_rate=args.dropout_rate,
                attention_dropout_rate=args.transformer_attn_dropout_rate,
                pos_enc_layer_type=args.transformer_encoder_pos_enc_layer_type,
                selfattention_layer_type=args.transformer_encoder_selfattn_layer_type,
                activation_type=args.transformer_encoder_activation_type,
                macaron_style=args.macaron_style,
                use_cnn_module=args.use_cnn_module,
                cnn_module_kernel=args.cnn_module_kernel,
                stochastic_depth_rate=args.stochastic_depth_rate,
                intermediate_layers=self.intermediate_ctc_layers,
            )
        self.reset_parameters(args)

    def forward(self, xs_pad, ilens, ys_pad):
        """E2E forward.

        :param torch.Tensor xs_pad: batch of padded source sequences (B, Tmax, idim)
        :param torch.Tensor ilens: batch of lengths of source sequences (B)
        :param torch.Tensor ys_pad: batch of padded target sequences (B, Lmax)
        :return: ctc loss value
        :rtype: torch.Tensor
        :return: attention loss value
        :rtype: torch.Tensor
        :return: accuracy in attention decoder
        :rtype: float
        """
        # 1. forward encoder
        xs_pad = xs_pad[:, : max(ilens)]  # for data parallel
        src_mask = make_non_pad_mask(ilens.tolist()).to(xs_pad.device).unsqueeze(-2)
        hs_pad, hs_mask, hs_intermediates = self.encoder(xs_pad, src_mask)
        self.hs_pad = hs_pad

        # 2. forward decoder
        ys_in_pad, ys_out_pad = mask_uniform(
            ys_pad, self.mask_token, self.eos, self.ignore_id
        )
        ys_mask = square_mask(ys_in_pad, self.eos)
        pred_pad, pred_mask = self.decoder(ys_in_pad, ys_mask, hs_pad, hs_mask)
        self.pred_pad = pred_pad

        # 3. compute attention loss
        loss_att = self.criterion(pred_pad, ys_out_pad)
        self.acc = th_accuracy(
            pred_pad.view(-1, self.odim), ys_out_pad, ignore_label=self.ignore_id
        )

        # 4. compute ctc loss
        loss_ctc, cer_ctc = None, None
        loss_intermediate_ctc = 0.0
        if self.mtlalpha > 0:
            batch_size = xs_pad.size(0)
            hs_len = hs_mask.view(batch_size, -1).sum(1)
            loss_ctc = self.ctc(hs_pad.view(batch_size, -1, self.adim), hs_len, ys_pad)
            if self.error_calculator is not None:
                ys_hat = self.ctc.argmax(hs_pad.view(batch_size, -1, self.adim)).data
                cer_ctc = self.error_calculator(ys_hat.cpu(), ys_pad.cpu(), is_ctc=True)
            # for visualization
            if not self.training:
                self.ctc.softmax(hs_pad)
            if self.intermediate_ctc_weight > 0 and self.intermediate_ctc_layers:
                for hs_intermediate in hs_intermediates:
                    # assuming hs_intermediates and hs_pad has same length / padding
                    loss_inter = self.ctc(
                        hs_intermediate.view(batch_size, -1, self.adim), hs_len, ys_pad
                    )
                    loss_intermediate_ctc += loss_inter

                loss_intermediate_ctc /= len(self.intermediate_ctc_layers)

        # 5. compute cer/wer
        if self.training or self.error_calculator is None or self.decoder is None:
            cer, wer = None, None
        else:
            ys_hat = pred_pad.argmax(dim=-1)
            cer, wer = self.error_calculator(ys_hat.cpu(), ys_pad.cpu())

        alpha = self.mtlalpha
        if alpha == 0:
            self.loss = loss_att
            loss_att_data = float(loss_att)
            loss_ctc_data = None
        else:
            self.loss = (
                alpha * loss_ctc
                + self.intermediate_ctc_weight * loss_intermediate_ctc
                + (1 - alpha - self.intermediate_ctc_weight) * loss_att
            )
            loss_att_data = float(loss_att)
            loss_ctc_data = float(loss_ctc)

        loss_data = float(self.loss)
        if loss_data < CTC_LOSS_THRESHOLD and not math.isnan(loss_data):
            self.reporter.report(
                loss_ctc_data, loss_att_data, self.acc, cer_ctc, cer, wer, loss_data
            )
        else:
            logging.warning("loss (=%f) is not correct", loss_data)
        return self.loss

    def recognize(self, x, recog_args, char_list=None, rnnlm=None):
        """Recognize input speech.

        :param ndnarray x: input acoustic feature (B, T, D) or (T, D)
        :param Namespace recog_args: argment Namespace contraining options
        :param list char_list: list of characters
        :param torch.nn.Module rnnlm: language model module
        :return: decoding result
        :rtype: list
        """

        def num2str(char_list, mask_token, mask_char="_"):
            def f(yl):
                cl = [char_list[y] if y != mask_token else mask_char for y in yl]
                return "".join(cl).replace("<space>", " ")

            return f

        n2s = num2str(char_list, self.mask_token)

        self.eval()
        h = self.encode(x).unsqueeze(0)

        # greedy ctc outputs
        ctc_probs, ctc_ids = torch.exp(self.ctc.log_softmax(h)).max(dim=-1)
        y_hat = torch.stack([x[0] for x in groupby(ctc_ids[0])])
        y_idx = torch.nonzero(y_hat != 0).squeeze(-1)

        # calculate token-level ctc probabilities by taking
        # the maximum probability of consecutive frames with
        # the same ctc symbols
        probs_hat = []
        cnt = 0
        for i, y in enumerate(y_hat.tolist()):
            probs_hat.append(-1)
            while cnt < ctc_ids.shape[1] and y == ctc_ids[0][cnt]:
                if probs_hat[i] < ctc_probs[0][cnt]:
                    probs_hat[i] = ctc_probs[0][cnt].item()
                cnt += 1
        probs_hat = torch.from_numpy(numpy.array(probs_hat))

        # mask ctc outputs based on ctc probabilities
        p_thres = recog_args.maskctc_probability_threshold
        mask_idx = torch.nonzero(probs_hat[y_idx] < p_thres).squeeze(-1)
        confident_idx = torch.nonzero(probs_hat[y_idx] >= p_thres).squeeze(-1)
        mask_num = len(mask_idx)

        y_in = torch.zeros(1, len(y_idx), dtype=torch.long) + self.mask_token
        y_in[0][confident_idx] = y_hat[y_idx][confident_idx]

        logging.info("ctc:{}".format(n2s(y_in[0].tolist())))

        # iterative decoding
        if not mask_num == 0:
            K = recog_args.maskctc_n_iterations
            num_iter = K if mask_num >= K and K > 0 else mask_num

            for t in range(num_iter - 1):
                pred, _ = self.decoder(y_in, None, h, None)
                pred_score, pred_id = pred[0][mask_idx].max(dim=-1)
                cand = torch.topk(pred_score, mask_num // num_iter, -1)[1]
                y_in[0][mask_idx[cand]] = pred_id[cand]
                mask_idx = torch.nonzero(y_in[0] == self.mask_token).squeeze(-1)

                logging.info("msk:{}".format(n2s(y_in[0].tolist())))

            # predict leftover masks (|masks| < mask_num // num_iter)
            pred, pred_mask = self.decoder(y_in, None, h, None)
            y_in[0][mask_idx] = pred[0][mask_idx].argmax(dim=-1)

            logging.info("msk:{}".format(n2s(y_in[0].tolist())))

        ret = y_in.tolist()[0]
        hyp = {"score": 0.0, "yseq": [self.sos] + ret + [self.eos]}

        return [hyp]
